Clustering optimization for ad-hoc networks e.g. Pulsar, clusterhead, hierchical

One method to make ad-hoc networks more manageable is to make use of clustering. This partitions the network into smaller clusters where certain nodes are nominated as clusterheads for inter-cluster traffic. If there is a high degree of mobility, the amount of signalling needed to route traffic may become higher than a simple flat networking structure. Some research needs to be done on the automatic formation of clusters and selection of clusterheads and how this performs under various degress of mobility.